Optimisation of Phosphorus Removal in Stormwater Biofiltration Systems

This research provides comprehensive insights into the P removal processes that occur in biofilters and new evidence to support the effectiveness of biofilters to remove P from stormwater. Foremost, that incorporating Skye sand into filter media can ameliorate the P-sorption capacity of biofilters and, in conjunction with a saturated zone, enable biofilters to co-optimise N and P removal and satisfy water quality objectives for ecosystem protection.