Understanding Islam in the Modern World: A comparative analysis of Bernard Lewis and John Esposito

Utilising the work of Bernard Lewis and John Esposito, this research is a comparative theoretical study of Islam in the 21st century. The study of Islam is often approached from two sides. The first, as explored in Lewis’ writing, polarises society through the fear garnered by terror threats in the name of Islam and prohibits the integration of religious practice in the public domain. By contrast, Esposito offers an apologetic approach to the social and mystical practice of Islam that promotes tolerance. Both perspectives, however, filter public understanding of Islam through a predominantly Western lens, failing to identify the ground shared by these opposing sides. This research offers a new avenue into the position of Islam in the 21st century, where a balanced approach to the study of Islam is prioritised.