The Application of Ultrasound in the Imaging of Impingements of the Shoulder and Native and Post-Arthroplastic Hip

This thesis is made up of studies that investigate the use of ultrasound in the detection of impingement syndromes of the shoulder and hip. These conditions can be intermittent, clinically silent and may cause significant long-term harm. Delays in diagnosis may lead to major permanent disability. Access to diagnostic services like 3DCT and MRI is currently limited due to cost and availability of these modalities. A reliable, accurate, affordable and readily available alternative is required This thesis explores the use of Ultrasound as an alternative to other imaging modalities in the diagnosis of impingement syndromes.