Excavators are essential machines in construction, used for digging and moving materials. This research focuses on improving excavation efficiency by simulating how the excavator’s bucket interacts with material stockpiles in various scenarios. By studying these interactions in a virtual environment, the research aims to enhance the excavator’s performance, optimise the bucket’s structure, militate wear and tear, and minimise the costs associated with real-world testing. The findings contribute to more efficient and sustainable construction practices.<p></p>