On horizontal convection in very shallow enclosures

This thesis conducts a numerical investigation of a distinctive mode of natural convection, known as horizontal convection, where heating and cooling happens at the same bottom boundary. This study emphasises the flow characteristics of the very shallow enclosures, which allows elucidating the ocean-relevant confinement on horizontal convection. The results from this study provide significant insights on the fundamental concepts of horizontal convection, particularly the inclusion of aspect ratio with the Nusselt number and Rayleigh number scaling, which proposed modified governing parameters to understand the characteristics of the buoyancy-driven flow better.