One-way carsharing is an emerging travel mode that allows users to return the vehicle to any designated spot. This thesis focuses on the challenges caused by the one-way carsharing systems in both the strategic planning and operational decisions. A series of mathematical models and solution algorithms are established to optimize the station location, station capacity, fleet size, price, recharging of electric vehicles, vehicle relocation and personnel movement. Finally, several illustrative large-scale case examples are constructed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the model.