This thesis has focused on the development and application of highly stretchable electronic conductors based on two novel intrinsically stretchable materials: ionic liquids and standing enokitake-like gold nanowire arrays. These two materials outperform most state-of-arts stretchable conductors. And we specially demonstrated their applications for highly durable biomedical sensors, intrinsically stretchable supercapacitors, “second-skin” facial expression recognition smart mask, and high performance transparent stretchable energy storage devices.