This thesis emphasises the grain size, temperature, strain rate and solute effect on the deformation twins and dynamic recrystallised grains in extruded pure Mg and its alloys. The distinction between deformation twins and dynamic recrystallised grains is made with the help of Schmid factor and geometrical compatibility factor calculation, and the microstructure evolution during uniaxial compression is characterised by EBSD and TKD techniques. The underlying deformation modes in the various Mg samples are compared. Only fine-grained pure Mg compressed at room temperature with strain rate lower than 10-3 s-1 exhibit super-plasticity.