Contextual influences on sexualised drug use among men who have sex with men in Indonesia

The overarching aim of my PhD was to understand the contextual influences that shape how sexualised drug use (SDU) is practiced among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Indonesia to inform the development of SDU harm and risk reduction interventions for MSM. The thesis utilised a mixed-methods approach, with findings presented from three interrelated studies (systematic review and meta-analysis, latent class analysis, and qualitative studies on underlying motivations, and social/structural influences on SDU).The findings described in this thesis indicate an intricate interplay between individual, social, and structural elements influencing SDU practice, and provide strong support for developing tailored harm reduction interventions for MSM who engage in SDU in Indonesia.The complexities surrounding the use of drugs for sexual purposes among MSM in Indonesia, as documented in this thesis, necessitate a tailored and multifaceted harm reduction approach.