Cardiovascular and Neuromuscular Effects of Fish Venoms

The study provides a preliminary investigation of cardiovascular and neuromuscular activities of a range of previously unstudied fish venoms. The results contribute significantly to our understanding of the functional activity of bony and cartilaginous fish venoms, also greatly improve our limited understanding of the activity of fish venoms, and enhance our knowledge on evolutionary studies of venom system and venomous animal, which have implications spanning evolutionary theory through to the treatment of envenomed patients.