Managerial Values of Penang Municipal Council Officers: a Preliminary Report

A common concern for all countries, which have their foundations in 'Westminster' type government systems, is the nature of public management morality. This paper reports on an empirical study of the moral orientations of council officers in Penang, Malaysia. The findings indicate that these officers have adopted a combination of neutral and service ethical values. The paper argues that such findings are related to democratic orientations and local government legislative arrangements in peninsular Malaysia.