IMG_20200105_153435237_HDR.jpg

（有些部分没有拍上）

什么是宪法？

宪法是国家的根本大法，规定一个国家的社会制度和国家制度的基本原则、国家机关的组织和活动的基本原则，公民的基本权利和义务等重要内容，有的还规定国旗、国歌、国徽和首都以及统治阶级认为重要的其他制度，涉及到国家生活的各个方面。宪法具有最高法律效力，是制定其他法律的依据，一切法律、法规都不得同宪法相抵触。

国家宪法日的立法规定

1982年12月4日，第五届全国人民代表大会第五次会议通过了现行的《中华人民共和国宪法》。现行宪法是对1954年制定的新中国第一宪法的继承和发展。宪法是国家的根本法，是治国安邦的总章程，具有最高的法律地位、法律权威、法律效力。全面贯彻实施宪法，是全面推进依法治国、建设社会主义法治国家的首要任务和基础性工作。全国各族人民、一切国家机关和武装力量、各政党和各社会团体、各企业事业组织，都必须以宪法为根本的活动准则，并且负有维护宪法尊严、保证宪法实施的职责。任何组织或者个人都不得有超越宪法和法律的特权，一切违反宪法和法律的行为都必须予以追究。为了增强全社会的宪法意识，弘扬宪法精神，加强宪法实施，全面推进依法治国，第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议决定：

将12月4日设立为国家宪法日。国家通过多种形式开展宪法宣传教育活动。

宪法的基本价值是什么

宪法的基本价值是保障人权。宪法的根本目的和价值在于保障公民权利。其手段主要是设置与限定国家权力，国家机关不得行使宪法所未明确授予的权力。保障人权是宪法规定的出发点。

我国现行宪法的基本原则

《主要包括》

党的领导原则

人民主权原则

人民保障原则

社会主义法治原则

民主集中制原则

为什么说宪法是国家的根本大法

我国宪法的根本法地位取决于三个方面的因素：

方面一：在内容上，我国宪法规定最根本的最重要的问题：诸如，国体、政体、国家的基本国策、公民的基本权利和义务和国家机构的组织及其职权等最重要的问题。

方面二：在法律效力上，我国宪法具有最高的法律效力。宪法在我国法律体系中处于最高的法律地位。因此，宪法不仅是制定普通法律的依据，任何普通法律都不得与宪法的原则和精神相违背，而且宪法是一切国家机关、社会组织和全体公民的最高行为准则。

方面三：在制定和修改的程序上，宪法的要求更加严格。

从实践上看，“法律的生命力在于实施，法律的权威也在于实施”，宪法更是如此。全面贯彻实施宪法，是建设社会主义法治国家的首要任务和基础性工作。

公民在法律面前一律平等的含义是什么？

公民在法律面前一律平等，是我国公民的一项基本权利，也是社会主义法制的一个基本原则。公民在法律面前一律平等是指：

1、我国公民不分民族、家庭出身、宗教信仰、教育程度、财产状况、居住期限，都一律平等地享有宪法和法律规定的权利，也都平等地履行宪法和法律规定的义务。

2、任何人的合法权益都一律平等的受到保护，对违法行为一律依法予以追究，决不允许任何违法犯罪分子逍遥法外。

3、在法律面前，不允许任何公民享有法律以外的特权，任何人不得强迫任何公民承担法律以外的义务，不得使公民受到法律以外的处罚。这一宪法原则既包括司法平等，即公民在适用法律上一律平等，又包括公民在守法上一律平等。

(Some parts were not photographed)
What is the constitution?
The Constitution is the fundamental law of the country, which stipulates the social system of a country and the basic principles of the national system, the basic principles of the organization and activities of state organs, the basic rights and obligations of citizens and other important contents. Some also stipulate the national flag, national anthem, national emblem and the capital, as well as other institutions deemed important by the ruling class, touching upon all aspects of national life. The Constitution has the highest legal force and is the basis for formulating other laws. All laws and regulations must not conflict with the Constitution.

Legislative Provisions for National Constitution Day
On December 4, 1982, the Fifth Session of the Fifth National People's Congress adopted the current Constitution of the People's Republic of China. The current constitution is the inheritance and development of the first constitution of the new China formulated in 1954. The Constitution is the fundamental law of the country and the general charter of governing the country and the state. It has the highest legal status, legal authority and legal effect. The full implementation of the Constitution is the primary task and basic work for comprehensively advancing the rule of law and building a socialist country under the rule of law. The people of all ethnic groups, all state organs and armed forces, all political parties, social groups, and all enterprises and institutions in the country must take the Constitution as the fundamental norm for their activities, and have the responsibility to uphold the dignity of the Constitution and ensure its implementation. No organization or individual may have the privileges beyond the constitution and laws, and all acts that violate the constitution and laws must be investigated. In order to enhance the awareness of the constitution of the whole society, carry forward the spirit of the constitution, strengthen the implementation of the constitution, and comprehensively promote the rule of law, the 11th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress decided:
Declared December 4 as National Constitution Day. The state has carried out constitutional publicity and education activities in various forms.

What are the basic values of the constitution
The fundamental value of the constitution is the protection of human rights. The fundamental purpose and value of the constitution is to protect the rights of citizens. Its means are mainly to set up and limit state powers, and state organs shall not exercise powers not expressly conferred by the constitution. The protection of human rights is the starting point of the constitutional provisions.

The Basic Principles of my country's Current Constitution
"mainly includes"
Party Leadership Principles
The principle of popular sovereignty
The principle of people's protection
Socialist rule of law
The principle of democratic centralism

Why is the Constitution the fundamental law of the country?

The fundamental law status of our constitution depends on three factors:
Aspect 1: In terms of content, our country's Constitution stipulates the most fundamental and important issues: such as the state system, the political system, the state's basic state policies, the basic rights and obligations of citizens, and the organization of state institutions and their powers.
Aspect 2: In terms of legal effect, the Constitution of our country has the highest legal effect. The Constitution occupies the highest legal status in our legal system. Therefore, the Constitution is not only the basis for formulating common laws, and no common law may violate the principles and spirit of the Constitution, but also the highest code of conduct for all state organs, social organizations and all citizens.
Aspect 3: The requirements of the Constitution are stricter in the formulation and revision procedures.
From a practical point of view, "the vitality of the law lies in its implementation, and the authority of the law also lies in its implementation", especially for the Constitution. The full implementation of the Constitution is the primary task and basic work of building a socialist country under the rule of law.

What does it mean for citizens to be equal before the law?
All citizens are equal before the law, which is a basic right of our citizens and a basic principle of the socialist legal system. Citizens are equal before the law means:
1. Citizens of our country, regardless of ethnicity, family background, religious belief, education level, property status, or length of residence, shall equally enjoy the rights stipulated by the Constitution and the law, and equally perform the obligations stipulated in the Constitution and the law.
2. Everyone's legitimate rights and interests are protected equally, and all illegal acts will be investigated according to law, and no criminals will be allowed to go unpunished.
3. In the presence of the law, no citizen is allowed to enjoy extra-legal privileges, and no one may force any citizen to undertake extra-legal obligations, nor subject any citizen to extra-legal punishment. This constitutional principle includes both judicial equality, that is, citizens are all equal in applying the law, and citizens are all equal in abiding by the law.