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四、热中风
每当炎炎夏日，中风病人就会剧增，中风是中老年人常见多发的脑血管病，中风的两个高峰期，一个是零度以下的严冬，一个就是30度以上的盛夏，而在夏天发生的中风俗称“热中风”。
夏季气温高，人体会大量排汗，丧失水分，如果未得到及时补充，容易造成“脱水”，“脱水”会使血容量减少、血液黏稠、血循减缓、微小血栓容易形成，对于患有高血压、高血脂或心脑血管病的老年人来说，发生中风的概率自然会增高。
如何预防
专家提醒，老年人夏季一定要及时补充水分，不渴也要多饮水，并且适当补充盐分（每天每人摄盐量不得超过5克）。半夜醒来时适量喝点水，以降低血液黏稠度，对预防血栓形成大有好处。空调温度控制在26摄氏度。
五、皮肤病
夏季由于天气潮热，有利于各种真菌、细菌的繁殖生长，加之夏季人们容易出汗，皮肤易潮湿，如不及时擦净和保持干燥，真菌便会侵害我们的皮肤，引起皮肤癣病。最常见的皮肤癣病有足癣，也就是我们所说的“脚气”，喜欢穿皮鞋的人容易得脚气，因为皮鞋不透气，脚部的湿度和温度增高。另外，很多青壮年男士容易在夏季感染体癣和花斑癣（汗斑），这与排汗量大有关。如果出汗后，不及时清洗，真菌会在皮肤上繁殖，形成丘疹、水疱、鳞屑等，损害皮肤。
对于婴幼儿来说，夏季最常见的皮肤病就是痱子，痱子是婴幼儿常见夏季皮肤病，是汗液堵塞汗孔导致的皮肤异常。好发于颈部、前胸、后背、腋下，针头至米粒大小的丘疹，周围皮肤发红，处理不当易继发感染。
如何预防
不管是成人的夏季皮肤病还是婴幼儿的痱子，都是由于出汗多，不能及时清洗，保持干燥所致，因此，预防此类皮肤病最关键的还是保持皮肤的清洁干爽。大人和孩子都要勤洗澡，出汗的衣服要及时更换，成人可选择一些质地清爽、透气的衣服和袜子，生活用具尽量分开使用。婴幼儿可以适当涂擦痱子粉。
六、热感冒
夏天许多人为图凉快，喜欢在热得满头大汗时冲冷水澡，睡觉、工作都长时间开空调，导致室内外温差较大，加之夏季许多人食欲减退，运动减少，抵抗力下降，这些都容易引起夏季感冒。
如何预防
高温天气会消耗大量体液，所以在夏季一定要注意多喝水，饮水要少量多次，一般每次以300毫升至500毫升为宜，必要时可以喝点淡盐开水。其次，睡眠对治疗夏季感冒也颇有帮助，要保证8小时睡眠时间。膳食上也要合理饮食，多吃一些瘦肉，以增加蛋白质的摄入量。
4. Heat stroke
In the summer, the number of stroke patients will increase sharply. Stroke is a common and frequent cerebrovascular disease among middle-aged and older adults. The two peak stroke seasons are severe winter temperatures below zero and midsummer temperatures above 30 degrees. The stroke that occurs is commonly known as "heat stroke."
In summer, the human body will sweat and lose water when the temperature is high. If it is not replenished in time, it will easily cause "dehydration." For the elderly with high blood pressure, high blood fat or cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, the probability of stroke will naturally increase.
How to prevent
Experts remind the elderly that they must replenish water in time in the summer, drink plenty of water even if they are not thirsty, and supplement salt appropriately (the daily salt intake should not exceed 5 grams per person). Drink some water when you wake up in the middle of the night to reduce blood viscosity, which greatly benefits preventing thrombosis. The temperature of the air conditioner is controlled at 26 degrees Celsius.
5. Skin diseases
Heat in summer are conducive to the reproduction and growth of various fungi and bacteria. In addition, people tend to sweat in summer and their skin is prone to moisture. If they are not cleaned in time and kept dry, fungi will invade our skin and cause skin tinea. The most common skin tinea is tinea pedis, which is what we call "athlete's foot". People who like to wear leather shoes are prone to athlete's foot, because leather shoes are not breathable, and the humidity and temperature of the feet increase. In addition, many young and middle-aged men are prone to tinea corporis and tinea versicolor (sweat spots) in summer, which is related to the large amount of perspiration. If you don't wash it in time after sweating, the fungus will multiply on the skin and form papules, blisters, scales, etc., which will damage the skin.
The most common skin disease in summer is prickly heat for infants and young children. Prickly heat is a common summer skin disease for infants and young children. It is a skin abnormality caused by sweat blocking the pores. It tends to occur on the neck, chest, back, and underarms, with pimples the size of a needle or a grain of rice, and the surrounding skin becomes red. Improper treatment can easily lead to secondary infections.
How to prevent
Summer skin diseases in adults and prickly heat in babies are both caused by sweating too much, not being able to wash often enough, and not staying dry. Therefore, the most important thing to do to prevent such skin diseases is to keep the skin clean and dry. Adults and children alike should bathe frequently and change sweaty clothes on a regular basis. Adults can choose fresh, breathable clothes and socks and use daily utensils separately as much as possible. Infants and young children can apply some prickly heat powder.
6. Wind-heat type common cold
In the summer, many people like to take cold showers when they are hot and sweaty and sleep and work with the air conditioning on for long periods, resulting in a significant difference between indoor and outdoor temperatures. In addition, many people lose their appetite, reduce exercise, and their immune system reduces in summer, which can easily cause colds.
How to prevent
Hot weather will consume many body fluids, so be sure to drink plenty of water in the summer. Drink small amounts of water several times, generally 300 ml to 500 ml each time, and drink light salt water if necessary. Secondly, sleep is also very helpful in treating summer colds, so ensure 8 hours of sleep. Eat a reasonable diet and eat more lean meat to increase your protein intake.
