Comprehensive voltage regulation performance analysis of Virtual Synchronous Generator

The extensive adoption of PLL-based converter-interfaced generations in power systems has led to a decline in the secure operation of the grids, particularly with regard to inadequate inertial support and voltage waveform stability. As one of the most promising technologies, the Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) has the potential to combat the degradation of operational security, provide inertia support, and strengthen the voltage waveform. This paper presents an analysis of the performance of a tuned VSG that ensures very-fast port voltage regulation by assessing its time-domain responses to step changes and sinusoidal perturbations. By utilizing the derived transfer functions of frequency domain closed-loop magnitude responses, it becomes possible to validate and predict the VSG behaviour. The study focuses on assessing the performance of the voltage response with respect to various parameter variation possibilities. Additionally, it quantitatively determines the interference between active power and voltage. The work provides another perspective on interpreting the performance of the VSG and sheds light on further studies and developments toward a greener grid.