From Federation to the '501s': Māori inclusion and exclusion in Australia since 1901 HAMERPAUL ALLAN 2020 Māori were largely included in White Australia, partly on the unwritten understanding that few would migrate. By the 1980s, however, trans-Tasman migration had become uneven, with significant flows of New Zealanders to Australia. This included many Māori and Pacific Islanders. Canberra became dissatisfied about this and instituted a series of migration filters. The most drastic of these has effectively excluded most New Zealanders in Australia from a social security safety net or pathway to citizenship. But while Māori have been those worst affected by these changes, Australia has continued to offer most Māori a significant increase in their material wellbeing.